One of the biggest hurdles for the public in adopting electric vehicles (EVs) is limited battery performance. Current EV batteries aren’t perfect, so at Michigan State University (MSU), we are using fundamental material science and new chemistry research to produce batteries with improved energy density and safety.
Our research group is developing several patents related to boosting battery performance by improving a battery’s energy density, or how much energy an EV battery can store related to its size and weight. This research also applies to resolving range anxiety by increasing mileage achieved per EV charge, alleviating public concern about making it to and from an intended destination on a single charge.
As an example, we are working on improving electrolytes inside the battery. Electrolytes are responsible for lithium-ion transport within lithium batteries by using solid-state battery technology. Solid-state batteries use a ceramic solid-state electrolyte to enhance the battery’s energy density and store more energy in a smaller space. This is also safer given ceramics are not as flammable as organic liquids.
As we examine ways to reduce battery costs, we’re exploring options for enhancing EV batteries fast-charging battery capabilities, which is of tremendous interest for those who don’t want to wait an hour or longer to fully recharge their EV battery.
For instances when drivers need to use the vehicle but don’t have time to charge their battery, we are developing swappable battery modules that allow for a quick change. Our goal is to make swapping out the battery for a fully charged one as easy as filling up the gas tank.
Additionally, we’re working to reduce the weight of a single EV battery by 30%, which would make a big difference to the size and weight of battery packs. This overall weight reduction goal is substantial, so we’re carefully considering how to achieve it without sacrificing battery performance.
As we collaborate with researchers across MSU’s campus, colleges and departments, the ultimate shared goal is to build a prototype electric car where every part of the vehicle from the body, battery, technologies and the control system are developed through MSU research. We’re aiming to bridge the gaps between the lab and the road by innovating every part the vehicle.
